The population is increasing continuously worldwide. The population also needs a house to live and grains to fill the stomach. Forests are being cut for settlement, settlements are being settled instead of fields. In such a situation, how will the farm population be able to fill the stomach. In addition to air and water, a person needs food to stay alive. Just think, when the agricultural land is reduced, where will the grains, fruits and vegetables come from.
In such a situation, such a technique of farming will be required, so that crops can be grown without soil. For a long time, agricultural scientists have been searching for such technology, through which crops can be grown even in those situations, when arable things are not available. The result of the hard work of agricultural scientists is that today there are many such techniques, through which crops are also flourishing in less water and barren land.
Not only this, now crops are being grown without soil. Vegetables are being grown in countries like America, Class, China, Japan, Israel, Thailand, Korea, Indonesia and Malaysia etc. The care and countries of these countries are also adopting this technology. Through this technique, tomatoes, cabbage, brinjal, lady finger, bitter gourd, chilli, cucumber, capsicum, cucumber and spinach and other leafy vegetables are being cultivated.
In no soil farming instead of soil, sand, gravel, paddy husk, pebbles, wooden sawdust, plants such as coconut jatta, jute etc. are used. Jute and coconut jatta have more water absorption capacity. It is brittle, which keeps the roots air.
The technique of cultivation without soil is called hydroponics. As the name is evident from the name, soil is not used in it. Instead of soil, water is the foundation of farming. The plants are grown in a pot filled with water. The nutrients that are needed to grow plants are merged with water. A thin hose is used to transport nutrients and oxygen to the roots of plants.
Waterplants are done in two ways. The first is solution method and second medium method. Under the solution method, the plants are kept in a pot filled with water and then the solution of nutrients is flowed. Oxygen and nutrients are transported to the roots of plants. The solution method is of three types- static solution method, continuous drift method and airponics.
In the static solution method, the plants are kept in a pot filled with water and then the nutrient solution is slowly flowed from the tube. When the plants are low, this method is used. Due to this, the roots also get oxygen. Under the continuous flow solution method, the solution of nutrients is continuously flowing towards the roots. When more plants are to grow in a large pot, they use it. These are also called deep water method.
Normally a week later when the solution is reduced by the prescribed level, water and nutrients are mixed into it. Aeroponics means growing fruits, vegetables and flowers crops in air and humid environment. Under this technique, the plants are stabbed in holes above the plastic panel and their roots are hung in the air.
The water tank is placed at the bottom, with the dissolved nutrients insert. Through the pump in the tank, water is sprayed on the roots hanging in the air of the plants. Plants grow very rapidly due to the food found in the water and oxygen from the air and give a lot of yield in a very short time. LED bulbs are used for light in this room farming.
Vertical farming is also a better option. It does not require soil. The vertical form is a multi -storey ‘Green House’. Under this method, a multi-very structure is built in the rooms, which is made equal to the height of the room. Its walls are of glass, due to which the light of the sun comes inside.
The tank filled with water is placed at the lowest line of the vertical ie standing structure. Fishes are added to it. Due to fish, water contains a good amount of nitrate, which is helpful in growing plants early. Small utensils of plants are placed in the upper laws of the tank. Water is transported from the tank to this pot through the pump.
Such nutrients are used in water scripture, which are soluble in water. Their form is inorganic and ionic. Calcium, magnesium and potassium are primary soluble elements. At the same time, nitrate, sulfate and dehydrogen phosphate are used as a major solution. Potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate chemicals are also used. Apart from this, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, chlorine and nickel are also used.
The peculiarity of this technique is that vegetables are grown in it without soil and using less water. Soil is not used in it, so the roof can also be cultivated through it. The cultivation of this technology seems to be less hard. Sowing of crops does not require plowing and irrigation in the fields. There is also freedom from hard work to remove weeds. It also seems very little water.
For example, more than a hundred kg of vegetables can be grown through water scripture in the amount of water required to grow one kilo of vegetables in the earthen field. In this, weeds do not grow and there is no outbreak of harmful pests on the crop. In such a situation, both the hard work and expenses of spraying of pesticides are saved.
Due to non -use of pesticides, vegetables are rich in nutritious elements and remain fresh for a long time. These vegetables are similar to organic vegetables and their quality has also proved to be better than the crop growing in the soil. It is worth noting that indiscriminate use of pesticides and chemicals in normal farming has made crops poisonous. Not only grains, pulses, fruits and vegetables have also become poisonous. They are having a direct impact on health.
Apart from this, vegetables are also grown in very little water and less soil by another method. The name of this method is to grow crops in tray calculation i.e. tray. Under this, green mesh is laid in the tray. Then jute is laid in it. After this, earthworm manure is added. Then seeds are sown in it. Nutrients are sprayed from time to time. Again the tray is covered with lattice. Plants are protected from insects due to being covered with lattice. Farmers in Rajasthan are adopting this technology. This technology is being cultivated in Rajasthan.
Many parts of the country are now being cultivated without soil. Anuj, a farmer of Joshi village in Panipat district of Haryana, is also cultivating without soil. He saw no clay farming in Australia and trained it. Then when he returned home, he started farming with this new technology. He is doing soil -free organic farming on more than 15 acres of land. This progressive farmer says that there is a lot of weed in the soil of his village, which produces. For this reason, he adopted this technique of soil -free farming.
He said that in this farming, coconut residues are used instead of soil and vegetable plants are grown in Pali House by putting it in small bags. This remains of coconut can be used for farming for three consecutive years. He said that this technique produces vegetables for seven consecutive months. He asks for coconut remains every three years from Kerala.
Its bag is about 5 kg, which costs 30 rupees. He told that he grows vegetables like tomatoes, capsicum, cabbage, peas and cucumber. They do not need to go to the market to sell vegetables. Traders themselves buy vegetables from their farm. They get a good price for vegetables.
Animesh Tiwari, who lives in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, grows vegetables on the roof of his house. He cultivates cabbage, brinjal, capsicum and Chinese cabis, broccoli etc. They have plastic thick pipes on a stand on the roof, with a special size hole at a short distance. He put coconut husk in a mesh vessel. Then sow the seeds of vegetables in this husk. Water is poured into these utensils. When small plants start coming out of the seeds, the pot is fitted on a hole made in a plastic pipe. Due to this, they are making a lot of profit.
Fodder will also be grown through this technique. The plant of sevan grass growing in dry areas with low water has also been prepared with this technique. Scientists from the Center of Livestock Fodder Resource Management and Technology, Veterinary University, Rajasthan, prepared Sevan seeds in seven days at a period of seven days at controlled temperatures using soil seeds without soil, water and nutrients.
Scientists say that the plant prepared with this technique will get rid of the difficulties in the pasture grass in the pasture and sowing of light seeds. It is worth noting that Sevan grass is a nutritious diet of cows, buffaloes, sheep, goats, camels and wild animals of desert areas. The plant of Sevan takes the form of a child once after flourishing, which is able to produce nutritious and delicious fodder in a dry area for a long time. As soon as Sevan’s seeds mature, they fall into strong winds and thunderstorms.
Continuous yields can be taken through water scripture and vegetables can be grown in any season. There is also no need for modern farming equipment in this. One of the major features of this technique is that crops are also saved from natural disasters such as hailstorm, unseasonal rains and droughts. Farmers are very fond of this technique of farming without soil.
The cost is very low in the soil than traditional farming, while the profits are high. Agricultural experts say that farmers whose land is barren can grow crops by adopting water scripture. Agriculture department officials are training farmers to cultivate without soil. The farmers of Haryana have built Pali House in about 1800 acres of barren land.
There is a need for the waterplace time. The world’s population is about eight billion, which is continuously increasing. The population is expected to increase to nine billion in the next one or two decades. In the coming two decades, people will get food only when there is a 50 percent increase in food production. At present, about 25000 lakh tonnes of food grains are being produced worldwide, which will be very low for the increased population of future. In view of continuous climate change, barren land, decreasing agricultural land, water crisis, food grains can be collected for the population only by adopting new methods of agriculture.
Farmers can also grow vegetables in less space through vertical farming. Low space, low cost, good yield in low hard work is a profitable deal. Do try it.
(Star News Agency)
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