History of Pok Jammu Kashmir Ladakh: Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh are actually three different areas. When India became independent, a very large territory of India separated after the name of religion, which was named Pakistan. At that time, there were two parts of Pakistan East Pakistan and West Pakistan. East Pakistan separated in 1971 and became Bangladesh. At the time of Partition, Kashmir was attacked by the Pakistani Army with the tribes and captured a large land of Ladakh along with Jammu and Kashmir. The Indian Army was running a campaign of occupation, giving a befitting reply to this attack, but in between, the Line of Control was born due to a one -sided declaration of ceasefire by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Since then Kashmir became a disputed region. On the other hand, in 1962, China has kept India in trouble by capturing large terrain in Ladakh, Sikkim and Arunachal.Also Read: Ancient History of Jammu and Kashmir
About half of Jammu and Kashmir are still occupied by Pakistan. On the other hand, China is occupied by a large area of Ladakh. There are 3 regions of this northern state of India- Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh. The states of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh remained under the first Hindu rulers and then Muslim Sultans. Later this kingdom became part of the Mughal Empire under the rule of Akbar. After the Afghan rule from 1756, this state became under the Sikh Empire of Punjab in 1819. In 1846, Ranjit Singh handed over the Jammu region to Maharaja Gulab Singh. After this it remained under the other Indian kings.ALSO READ: What is the area of Pok, what is the difference between LOC and LAC?
1. Jammu Introduction: According to Indian texts, Jammu is called Duggar Pradesh. There are 10 districts in Jammu division. Jammu, Samba, Kathua, Udhampur, Doda, Poonch, Rajouri, Reasi, Ramban and Kishtwar. The total area of Jammu is 36,315 sq km. Its area of about 13,297 sq km is occupied by Pakistan. He did this occupation during the 1947–1948 war. Bhimbar, Kotli, Mirpur, Poonch Haveli, Bagh, Sudhanti, Muzaffarabad, Hattis and Haveli districts are occupied by Pakistan in Jammu. Pakistan calls this occupied part of Jammu as ‘Azad Kashmir’ while it has divided parts of Kashmir into other parts.
2. Kashmir Introduction: The area of Jammu division ends in the hill range of Pir Panjal. Kashmir is on the other side of this hill. The area of Kashmir is about 16,000 sq km. Its 10 districts are Srinagar, Bargam, Kulgam, Pulwama, Anantnag, Kupwara, Baramulla, Shopian, Darabal, Bandipura. Here Sunni, Shia, Bahavi, Ahmadiyya Muslims along with Sikhs, Hindus, most of whom live Gurjars, Rajputs and Brahmins, but Kashmir has been made Sikh and Hindu in the name of Jihad.
3. Ladakh Introduction: Ladakh is an elevated plateau of which most of which is high by 3,500 meters (9,800 ft). It is spread over the Himalayas and Karakoram mountain range and the upper valley of the Indus River. Spreading in Ladakh, spread over around 33,554 sqm, is extremely low. However, its area of about 38 thousand square miles has been taken over by China, which is called Aksai China. Ladakh has high giant stony mountains and plains everywhere in Ladakh. The population of people of all religions here is about 2,36,539. Leh and Kargil are two parts in Ladakh, India, including the Janskar Valley. After partition, Pakistan and China illegally captured the state’s area of 78,114 square kilometers and 37,555 square kilometers respectively, while the remaining part of the state is in India. Pakistan also illegally gifted China to China 5180 square kilometers of the region.Also Read: What is Pok, Loc, Siachen, Aksai China, Shaksgam Valley and LAC history, understand in easy language
It is believed that Ladakh was originally a submerged part of a large lake, which became the valley of Ladakh due to many years of geographical changes. In the 18th century, Ladakh and Baltistan were included in the region of Jammu and Kashmir. After the partition of India in 1947, Gilgit and Baltistan became part of Pakistan. Residents around Leh in the eastern part of Ladakh are mainly Tibetan, Buddhists and Indian Hindus, but the population around Kargil in the west is mainly of Indian Shia Muslims. Many Tibetan settled here while occupying Tibet. China considers Ladakh as part of Tibet, while Ladakh has never been a part of Tibet. The Indus river flows from the Himalaya of Ladakh to Karachi in Pakistan. In ancient times, Ladakh was a major center of many important trading routes.
Ladakh was a major bastion of business from Central Asia. A branch of the silk route passed through Ladakh. Hundreds of camels, horses, mules, silk and carpets were brought along with the cars of other countries, while colors, spices etc. were sold from Hindustan. People used to come to Leh by loading wool, Pashmina etc. on the yak from Tibet. From here it was brought to Kashmir and made the best shawls.
population: According to the 2011 census, the population of Jammu and Kashmir is 1,25,41,302. While Kashmir is a Muslim -dominated, there is a large number of Hindus and Sikhs in Jammu while Ladakh has a large number of Buddhists. Jammu and Kashmir originally live in Rajput, Gurjar, Brahmin, Jat and Khatri groups, who are Hindus and Muslims. On the other hand, Ladakh has a large number of Tibetan Buddhists. About 64 percent Muslims here; 33 percent of Hindus and 3 percent of Buddhists, Sikhs, Christians and others reside. The number of Shias in 49 percent Muslims in the valley has come down to 13 percent, while the Hindus have been chased by Sunnis from there. Since 1989, Pakistan’s pseudo -war in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and the Sunni terrorist violence killed 20000 Nauraradha people. 7 lakh Hindus and Sikh minorities from Kashmir Valley and other border areas have been displaced. Some of them are living a life of refugees in the camps of Jammu and some in Delhi camps.
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Geography of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh: The Indian Himalayan states of Jammu and Kashmir are currently 3 parts- Kashmir, Jammu and Ladakh. Aksai Chin is also added to it. All three parts have been ruled by different kings in ancient and medieval period. There was a time when the same king ruled the entire land.
In terms of geographical location, there are 5 groups in Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh are a United States of the northern part of India, which is located at an altitude of 395 to 6,910 meters. It is surrounded by China and Afghanistan in the north, China in the east and Indian states in the south and Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. In the west, it is surrounded by Pakistan’s northwest Frontier Province and Punjab. Its area is 2,22,236 sq km. There are 2 capitals here- the summer capital is Srinagar and the winter capital Jammu. It currently holds 58 percent share of Ladakh, 26 percent and Kashmir’s share of 16 percent. Out of this, some part of Kashmir and Jammu is under Pakistan.
