According to expert, COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching effects on global health, extending beyond the immediate respiratory challenges associated with the virus. Recent studies and clinical observations have highlighted a troubling trend: an increased incidence of heart attacks among individuals who have recovered from COVID-19.
For those who have recovered from COVID-19, there can be lingering effects on the heart. (boonchai wedmakawand/Moment/Getty Images)
New Delhi: Heart attack cases are steadily rising across the globe, including India. Over the past three years and after the COVID-19 pandemic India has witnessed a spike in heart attack deaths. According to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), there has been a 12.5 per cent rise in heart attack cases in 2022 alone. The heightened risk of heart attacks among Mumbaikars post-COVID-19 is a multifaceted issue that reflects the complex interplay between direct viral effects, lifestyle changes, mental health challenges, and disruptions in healthcare, noted expert.
Dr Parin Sangoi, the cardiologist at Wockhardt Hospitals Mumbai Central pointed out, “The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching effects on global health, extending beyond the immediate respiratory challenges associated with the virus. Recent studies and clinical observations have highlighted a troubling trend: an increased incidence of heart attacks among individuals who have recovered from COVID-19.” Following this, Dr Sangoi offers valuable insights into why Mumbaikars, in particular, are experiencing this heightened risk.
COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Health
Dr Sangoi said, “COVID-19 has a multifaceted impact on cardiovascular health. The virus can cause direct inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis) and exacerbate pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, severe COVID-19 infections often lead to systemic inflammation and stress on the body, which can precipitate or worsen cardiovascular issues. This systemic inflammation can damage the blood vessels, increasing the risk of clot formation and, subsequently, heart attacks.”
The Role of Lifestyle Changes
The pandemic has also led to significant lifestyle changes that contribute to increased cardiovascular risk. Dr Sangoi points out, “Lockdowns and social distancing measures have resulted in reduced physical activity for many Mumbaikars. The closure of gyms, limited access to outdoor spaces, and general disruptions in daily routines have led to a more sedentary lifestyle. Coupled with poor dietary habits—often exacerbated by increased consumption of processed and comfort foods during lockdown periods—these factors contribute to weight gain, hypertension, and other risk factors for heart disease.”
Mental Health and Cardiovascular Risk
Mental health challenges have been another significant factor. The pandemic has heightened stress levels, anxiety, and depression among many individuals. Dr Sangoi notes that chronic stress and mental health issues can negatively impact cardiovascular health. Stress is known to elevate blood pressure and increase the likelihood of heart disease. The constant uncertainty and fear surrounding the pandemic have made it difficult for many to manage stress effectively, further contributing to cardiovascular risk.
Delayed Medical Care
Another critical issue is the delay in medical care that many individuals experienced during the pandemic. With healthcare systems stretched thin, non-COVID-related medical treatments and check-ups were often postponed or cancelled. Dr Sangoi emphasises that routine screenings and timely management of chronic conditions were disrupted, leading to undiagnosed or poorly managed cardiovascular risk factors. This delay in care has resulted in an increase in severe cardiovascular events, including heart attacks, as underlying issues that might have been controlled or detected early have worsened.
Post-Recovery Complications
For those who have recovered from COVID-19, there can be lingering effects on the heart. Dr Sangoi explains that even after the acute phase of the illness has passed, patients may experience ongoing cardiovascular complications. These can include persistent inflammation or the development of conditions like post-viral myocarditis, which can increase the risk of heart attacks.
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